In the present work, we study the Otx2 transcription factor as a model to understand how developmental genes achieve multiple functions throughout time. Otx2 is first implied in gastrulation, and then participates to the development of the eye, the olfactory system, the pineal gland, the thalamus and the craniofacial region. Otx2 is expressed in two distinct tissues: retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) and neural retina including photoreceptors. Global Otx2 gene ablation leads to exclusive photoreceptor degeneration although most of the affected genes are RPE specific. These elements suggest a non-cell-autonomous mechanism, confirmed by RPE restricted gain and loss of function. To understand Otx2 functions in the neural retina and in the RPE, a large scale study of its genomic targets has been yielded. Genome occupancy profiles in RPE and neural retina suggest different Otx2 functions. In the neural retina, Otx2 genome occupancy profile is very close to the one of its paralogue Crx, indicating functional redundancy between both transcription factors. We hypothesized that a different combination of protein partners allows modulating Otx2 action by selecting distinct target genes. To identify Otx2 combinatory in vivo and correlate it to Otx2 functions, we produced a mouse line expressing an Otx2-TAP-tag fusion protein at physiological level. This tool will allow purification of Otx2 protein complexes in vivo and their identification by proteomic analysis.
