Nowadays, preservation of the environment is a main priority. Understanding of environmental phenomena requires the study and the combination of an increasing number of heterogeneous data. Several international initiatives (INSPIRE, GEOSS) aims to encourage the sharing and exchange of those data.In this thesis, the interest of making scientific models available on the web is discussed. The value of using applications based on geospatial data is demonstrated. Several methods and means that satisfy the requirements of interoperability are also purposed.Our approach is illustrated by the implementation of models for estimating agricultural and domestic water requirements. Those models can be used at different spatial scales and temporal granularities. A prototype based on a complete web service oriented architecture was developed. The tool is based on the OGC standards Web Feature Service (WFS), Sensor Observation Service (SOS) and Web Processing Service (WPS).Finally, taking into account the imperfections of the data is also discussed with the integration of methods for sensitivity analysis and uncertainty propagation.
