Colorectal cancer is a major public health problem because of its frequency and propensity to metastasize. Cdx2 plays the role of a tumor suppressor and its expression is frequently but heterogeneously reduced in colon tumors. Through three sub-projects, this thesis aimed to better understand the mode of action of Cdx2. First, the Cadherin Mucdhl was identified and characterized as a new direct target gene of Cdx2. Mucdhl was also shown to inhibit the growth of colon cancer cells and to oppose -catenin activity. Second, an unexpected effect of Cdx2 on the cell cytoskeleton and rigidity of a cancer cell monolayer was uncovered. This gives new clues about how Cdx2 contributes to the structural organization and differentiation of enterocytes but also nhibits cell migration. In parallel, a reporter cell line for Cdx2 expression was created. After its validation, this cell line will be a precious tool to study the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor heterogeneity in vivo. Altogether, this thesis unraveled new functions and target genes of Cdx2 that permit to better apprehend its physiological function and its action as a tumor suppressor in the intestine.
