Nanosciences have shown increasing interest in the potential of bidimensional objects. A very good example of this is graphene, which was recently isolated. As it benefi ts from both a higher mechanical resistance than steel and a very high conductivity, it appears as a strong candidate for many applications. However, using and fully exploiting these objects requires an in-depth study of their physical behaviour. Bidimensional objects are plane structures such as films and membranes : they are nanometrically thin. The area of contact with a surface is therefore maximised. As the microworld is largely dominated by surface forces, their adhesion on substrates is also maximised. Their study requires the ability to transfer, observe and characterise this kind of samples. This PhD thesis is structured around 3 steps : setting up a robotised method to transfer thin films under an optical microscope ; designing a multi-tool characterisation platform under an electronic microscope, as well as tools to improve observation under such a microscope ; to illustrate the proposed methods, characterising the sti ness of membranes. This PhD work showcases the diffi culties related to bidimensional objects as well as their high potential. As such, it emphasises the importance of using tools designed with the manipulation of such samples in mind. Finally, it stands as a proof-of-concept of the selected robotic methods and opens up many prospective applications based on the tools designed for the study of the aforementioned membranes.
