At the margin, on the fringe of India, the Chenchu tribe are hunting and gathering in the Nallamalais (Andhra Pradesh, South India) . The outline given in the 1940s has come up with a new object whose identity we question today. Questioning yesterday and today's categories enrichens this reflexion. As artefacts these categories are a token of the wielding interests at stake. As resources, they offer in fine a political statement rallying all causes. Beyond and within, interactions, circulations and representations enable us to tackle the distances, ever contextualized, within which, in the dialectics of identity, the Other and the identical are grounded.