In this work, we explain our method based on the detection localized capacitive coupling of the electric component of the NMR signal via micro/nano probes specifically developeds. In the first stage of this work we use NEMS based on carbon nanotube to achieve a detection of the NMR signal at the nanoscale. Because of an electromechanical coupling, we characterize these systems in field emission, and we determine experimentally their resonance frequency and shown that they are able to detect a radio signal. To use these devices in NMR, it is necessary to adapt the value of the static field B0 of the magnet to reach the value of the Larmor frequency. We found that a local excitement around these systems gives them a reliable characterization, to avoid disrupting the parasite measurements. To implement this localized excitation, we choose a micro-probe (coaxial cable). First, we presente simulations, describing the propagation of electric and magnetic fields transmitted by the microprobe. After we characterize in collection mode the microprobe. This study shows us a decrease of the NMR signal as a function as distance. This proves that the microprobe is able to detect an NMR signal in near field, while the coil picks up globally. We characterize the microprobe in the transmit mode . These measurements provide us with a model that describes an inhomogeneous excitation of nuclei, due to the emission of power in vicinity of the microprobe. An inhomogeneous distribution of tilt angles induces an inhomogeneous distribution of the NMR signal around the microprobe. At the end of this thesis, we conducte two applications such as direct studies on the characterization of the microprobe. The first consist to image a small volume of water placed in silicone oil sample. The image obtained by mechanically moving of the microprobe and making a localized spectroscopy. In the second experiment, the microprobe injected into this volume and detects after the NMR signal. Finally, the characterization in transmit mode of the microprobe allows us to better understand the phenomenon of the trasmission of electromagnetic waves to excite the spins of the nuclei in vicinity of the NEMS based on CNT. The latter being used as NMR probe at the nanoscale, to detect a NMR signal.
