Organic "waste" has been used to fertilize agricultural land since the very beginning of agriculture. Urban organic residue, which has been considered a resource for a long time, only became a real "waste" at the beginning of 20th century, being then abandoned by farmers and packed into dumps. Today, after its reduction, its valorisation is becoming a major goal of waste management public policies. At the same time, the agricultural world is trying to reach an increased production with less environmental impact. Poised between these two issues, the ISARD research program, which is both the subject and the framework of this study, aims at an "ecological intensification of agricultural production systems through waste recycling". As a consequence, various "residual" organic matters are destined to become safe and efficient agricultural inputs, taking part of the agricultural intensification by strengthening the fertilization ecosystem services naturally provided by soils. Their integration in normalized industrial systems, making them real commercial products, seems to be the best way to come up to these expectations. This work devotes itself to describe the various socio-technical forms of agricultural valorisation (resource, waste, product), following the teachings of pragmatist sociologists by taking the role of objects in action into account. The plurality of valorisation forms allows this study to lay stress on the changes brought by a "product" approach and the related social reconfiguration possibly conflicting with a number of agricultural worlds.
