The starting point of this thesis is a data set of nosocomial infectionsin an intensive care unit of a French hostipal. We focused our attention onbuilding confidence bands for some parameters of interest using empiricallikelihood techniques. In order to do so, we had to adapt and develop somealready existing methods so that they fit our setup.We begin by giving a state of the art of the different theories we use.We then apply them to different setups and demonstrate new results whenneeded. Finally, we conduct simulations and describe our algorithms.