The present study aims at modelling the ultrasonic wave generation by EMATs into a ferromagnetic part in the context of non-destructive testing (NDT). Wave radiation by EMATs combines two different kinds of physical phenomena: electromagnetism and elastodynamics. The issue is to implement into the NDT simulation platform CIVA, dedicated in particular to eddy current and ultrasonic NDT, the models developed in the present work. These developments are of various nature and firstly concern the modelling of the electromagnetic forces created by an EMAT: the Lorentz force, existing in any conductive media, and the magnetization and the magnetostriction forces, which add up when the medium is further ferromagnetic. Secondly, the proposed models take into account the generation of harmonics due to the three forces. Ultrasonic frequencies of the generated ultrasonic waves can be harmonics of the frequencies of the excitation electrical signal. The model of force and harmonic generation allows us to deal with configurations not treated in the literature, namely, when the static field created by the EMAT is low or when the excitation current intensity is high. Finally, the three electromagnetic forces are transformed into equivalent surface stresses readily usable as entries of an existing model of ultrasonic wave radiation already implemented in CIVA. Thus, the combination of all these models and their translation as a numerical tool running within the CIVA platform can be used for optimizing the design of EMAT. Experimentally measured electromagnetic characteristics of different materials are used to perform various parametric studies.
