To fight effectively against scourges like forest fires , brush fires or natural disasters is a major issue in many cities worldwide.With the advent of technology represented by sensor networks , detection of these phenomena becomes easier .Indeed , sensors can be deployed in remote areas and they are enough to cover the entire environment to monitor, an alert can be given directly by the sensor has detected a certain type of event (fire, earthquake ... ) .The control center has received the alert may then decide to intervene in the area in question .Our work takes place in the context of the detection of phenomena by a sensor network , assuming that the environment is known and that the sensors are mobile, wireless and insufficient to cover the entire environment to be monitored.Speaking of monitoring a small number of mobile entities requires regularly browse some critical environmental areas, which can be likened to a patrol task .In this thesis , we focused on identifying strategies patrol multi-sensor applied to the detection of events.A similar problem to ours is the multi-agent patrolling in a known environment .This problem is to regularly visit the nodes of a graph (representing the environment) by agents.The sensors can be considered as agents with limited resources , in terms of energy in particular.The framework of multi- agents and techniques proposed to solve patrol can not be used here .After mathematically formulated the problem of multi-sensor patrol applied to the detection of events, we propose an approximate solution technique based on ant colonies .Simulations were made considering different scenarios ( environmental topologies populations sensors appearances events ) to assess the relevance of our approach.The experimental results show that our approach identifies strategies patrol satisfactory in the majority of scenarios.
