Due to the highly conserved §equence ofNC and its crucial function during HIV-I life cycle, molecules directedagainst NC are believed to be able to complement the highly active anti-retroviral therapies (HAART) based on drugstargeting the viral enzymes. Anti-NC drugs are thought to provide a sustained replication inhibition of a large panel ofHIV-I isolates including virus strains resistant to drugs targeting viral enąrmes. Recently, within the Europeanconsortium TRIoH, new strategies to specifically target the nucleic acid chaperone properties ofNC were developed.According to a strategy protected by a submitted patent, a series of peptides have been desigrred to act as competitorsforNC and thus, inhibit virus replication. Among this series, several peptides were found to efficiently ińibit therrrrcleic acid destabilization properties ofNC. Four of them have been tested in the cellular context and t}ree out ofthemwere found to efficientĘ ińibit the replication of HIV-I in lymphocytes. In this context, the objective of the thesis wasto characterize in depth the properties ofthese peptides. Moreover, an additional objective was to characterize themolecular mechanism in respect to NC of small antiviral drugs developed by the group of D. Daelemans (Leuven) andM. Botta (Siena).
