Among a variety of new synthetic transformations, transition-metal-catalyzed reactions are some of the most attractive methodologies for synthesizing heterocyclic compounds. In this context, two different cycloisomerization reactions are studied. We first developed an efficient and versatile access to pyranoquinoline and furoquinoline derivatives, thanks to a tandem silver-catalyzed acetalization /cycloisomerization reaction. The synthesized compounds presented interesting antimalarial activity when tested on a resistant strain of the parasite Plasmodium Falciparum. The antitumoral activity of some furoquinolines was also investigated within a project funded by the French National League Against Cancer. Interestingly, we noticed that the regioselectivity of the cyclization can be controlled depending on the type of silver catalyst used. The observed reaction regioselectivity, including also an interesting nitrogen effect, led us to develop a silver imidazolate polymer as a stable and new silver catalyst. We also described a rhodium-catalyzed benzannulation reaction of silyl-enol-ethers onto alkynes, leading to dibenzofurans derivatives. These heterocycles are well-known for their biological properties and their interest in therapeutic chemistry. Finally, we developed an original methodology for the synthesis of oxindole derivatives