This PhD work presents the synthesis of fluorescent nanoparticles (FNP) via a RAFT miniemulsion polymerisation and the analysis of their fluorescence properties. The core of the FNPs is a copolymer of styrene and a BODIPY monomer, and the shell, which is biocompatible and functionnalisable, is made of poly(ethylene oxyde) and poly(acrylic acid). First of all, the synthesis' optimisation of those FNPs is presented, and to the development of a one-pot process. Then, the fluorescence properties of those FNPs are studied, especially the impact of the BODIPY monomer concentration on the formation of non or weakly fluorescent aggregates. In order to change the FNP's spectroscopics properties (fluorescent quantum yield and emission wavelength), novel fluorescent BODIPY monomers have been synthesized. Those monomers presents either some bulky aromatics substituants, either variable polymerisable functions. The FNPS's hydrophilic shell has also been modified to get different distributions of the acrylic acid and ethylene oxyde units in the polymer chains of the FNPs' surface. Those new FNPs are also synthesized via a one-pot process. At last, molecules bearing an amine function (fluorescent dyes, proteins) have been grafted onto the differents FNPs' shell via a peptid coupling reaction on the carboxylic acid functions. As such, some pH ratiometric nano-sensors have been developped.
