This thesis was part of the ACACIA project on the Improvement of CO2 capture from industrial and anthropogenic fumes, supported by the AXELERA and funded by « FUI » et « THE GRAND LYON ». Our goal was to immobilize the carbonic anhydrase in inorganic gels, particularly silica, in order to preserve the structure of the enzyme, its functionality and protection of the physico-chemical environment. For this, simple preliminary tests have allowed us to develop a cell comprising a porous polymeric membrane impregnated with the aqueous enzyme solution or a silica gel itself impregnated with the enzyme solution. Important parameters were then studied on this cell, comprising the buffer: its nature, molarity and pH, the membrane pore size, and the enzyme concentration. It was found that a bicarbonate-based buffer displaced the deprotonation equilibrium of CO2(aq) to a higher pH, due the contribution of HCO3- balanced by cations such as Na+, and promotes a greater contribution to the CO2 diffusion across the membrane. We also observed that whatever the gas (100 % and / or 10 % CO2), the buffer and the type of membrane, a maximum permeance was observed for an enzyme concentration of 0.2 mg mL-1.
