This thesis shows how local social and educational policy, deployed at the crossroad of several public sectors (educative, social, health, leisure, ...) and representative of the current trends in social intervention paths (individualisation, activation, contracting, ...) is appropriate, constructed and transformed by actors on the field, as well as in the interaction with users. From the study of the Educational Success operation in Toulouse from 2006 to 2009, this research highlights the different phases that have marked the integration and structuring of this new local social public action. From a critical reception by the local socio-educative professionals to a progressive acceptance and mobilization, our investigations show how local actors contributed to transforming the operation into a "palliative" and presentist policy in answer to the deficiencies and malfunctions of the local Socio-educative system. We then observe a "relative" adherence to this new public policy, in the sense that the reluctances expressed by the actors at the outset do not disappear, but are set aside considering the existing needs and the situations priorities. The actors are not fooled by the attempts to change the system and continue to resist them seeking to manipulate the operation. However, even if the adherence is limited, it could end by gradually opening the path to change under the influence of the a series of operation creation, including the Educational Success operation, which tend to promote a new social paradigm.
