Our thesis works aims at the transport layer adaptation for hybrid communication systems satellites/terrestrial. The satellite networks DVB-S2/RCS is an alternative solution to terrestrial networks in remote and sparsely populated areas. However, given their high costs and their characteristics, they must be used as complementarity with terrestrial solutions, and form an integrated networks architecture or hybrid (satellite / terrestrial), with the support of multiservice which that drives in terms of requirements to a new usage (widespread and transparent accesses). The first contribution consists of the analysis of a real system to characterize the satellite link. This step allows an eventual configuration of an emulate system and proves the best way to properly tune it. Alpha Thereafter, we conducted a set of tests to evaluate several versions of TCP using the emulator SATEM. Given the characteristics that represent these new versions of TCP, we ended up with an original proposal of using the satellite segment to these versions without any architectural artifice. We also proposed a solution that improves the congestion control on the forward link DVB-S2 with ACM for unreliable applications, using DCCP. Finally, we propose an adaptive solution on transport level, which is effective for handovers in the satellites/terrestrial hybrid networks and which comes to strengthen our results obtained on the satellite segment.
