This experimental thesis studies effects induced by the spatial extension of surface plasmonpolaritons on the emission properties of organic and inorganic materials. First, we focused onleakage radiation microscopy images, a technic which is now widely used in a lot of differentscientific fields, as biology for exemple. We showed that the detected emission at a given point ofthe fluorescence image of an assembly of emitters mostly comes from the environment and notfrom the observed point, defining an influence circle related to the surface plasmon propagationlength. When the surface plasmon strongly interact with emitters, the strong coupling leadsto energy modifications in the system and new hybride states excitons-plasmons appear calledpolaritons. All the different localized emitters (aggregated dye chains) are not independantanymore. Diffusion measurments showed a collective effect induced by the strong-coupling.Two Young’s slits experiment added on the optical system confirm that an extended coherentstate of several micrometers is created as predicted by theory. All emitters behave as only onemacromolecule where the interaction is mediated by the surface plasmon.
