Leiomyoma is the most common uterine disease in women in age of procreation. Previous result have shown that in ELT3 cells, which is a rat leiomyoma-derived cell line, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) was able to activate ERK1/2 MAP kinases through the activation of the LPA1 receptor via the classical MAP kinase pathway involving Raf, Ras and MEK. We have observed that LPA was dephosphorylated in ELT3 cells by Lipid-phosphate phosphatase 1 (LPP1) which is the only LPP isoform expressed in these cells. In a second part, we investigated the effect of diacylglycerol pyrophosphate (DGPP). DGPP, in its octanoyl form (DGPP8:0), is described as an LPA1, 3-antognist. Here, we show that DGPP had no antagonistic effect on LPA-ERK activation, but was able to induce ERK activation by itself. This activation occurred through the activation of PKC, Raf and MEK. On the other hand, we show that DGPP-ERK activation required its dephosphorylation by LPP. Next we observed that the DGPP-ERK activation was inhibited by VPC32183, which we showed to inhibit LPP activity, and by siRNA treatment targeting LPP1. This results show that DGPP needs to be dephosphorylated into PA to induce ERK phosphorylation, and this dephosphorylation is catalyzed by LPP1. Finally, in the third part of this study, we were interested in the differential LPP expression between ELT3 cells and myometrium cells. Indeed, we have previously observed that ELT3 cell express only LPP1 while myometrial cells express LPP1 and LPP3. We observed that when LPP3 is expressed in ELT3 cells, it can interact with LPP1 and may restrain its plasma membrane localization reducing ectoLPP activity in favor of intracellular LPP activity. This may result in a negative regulation of intracellular phospholipidic second messengers. All these results show the significance of LPP in the regulation of bioactive phospholipid effects and suggest a relationship between the tumoral phenotype of leiomyoma cells and the absence of LPP3.
