This thesis aims to enrich the concept of professionalization. This work proposes an original conception of the process of professionalization of the university academic programs. This work is based on the concepts of regulation of the entrance into a profession and of making of the professionals. It primarily seeks to construct a typology thanks to the analysis of training content and learning methods from a synchronic and a diachronic point of view. This work uses resources from history of universities, sociology of professions and aristotelian philosophy. Starting from the following research question " What types of professionals the university academic programs are able to make? ", it assumes that the nature of knowledge obtained by a student determines the conditions of this making. This knowledge consists of three types of discipline (practice discipline, scientific discipline and poietic discipline) which are related to four types of trainings : professional generalist training, professional specialist training, professional scientific training and professional poietic training.
