The aim of this thesis is to study the role of cluster governance in the innovation of firms belonging to French clusters (technopole and competitiveness cluster). The proposed conceptual model, based on a neo-institutional approach, refines existing works on the determinants of innovation in clusters. It enables the precise identification of concrete practices implemented by cluster governance, largely ignored in current literature on clusters, as well as their effects on innovation. These practices are organised around three main levers: political, normative and cognitive. A comparative analysis is carried out on three French clusters of the Rhône-Alpes region: one technopole and two competitiveness clusters. The empirical methodology is based on a qualitative study combined with a quantitative analysis of members of cluster governance and firms. Our main results confirm the positive impact of cluster governance practices on firms' innovation, irrespective of the type of French cluster (technopole or competitiveness cluster). This effect varies according to the intensity of the practices' mobilisation as well as their combination. These results have main implications in terms of public policy: in particular, they provide key monitoring indicators for a better management of French clusters.
