The city of Nemausus is located in the protohistoric territory of the Volcae Arecomici, extending all over the eastern Languedoc, from the Rhône to the Hérault, and from the Cévennes to the Mediterranean Sea (Gard and eastern Hérault provinces). Created during the first century BC, the city consists of several establishments scattered in a vast territory and connected to a chief town (Nîmes). In this centralized administrative organisation, a new society appears which, although retaining its protohistoric heritage, is deeply influenced by the Roman socio-economic model. In this transitionnal context, the question of the meat diet of the inhabitants of this city between the 2nd century BC and the 2nd century AD is of great interest. This study is based on the faunal remains of mammals founded at several archaeological sites: chief town, secondary agglomerations and some rural settlements. This work will focus on the animals who are eating. The data analysis raises the question of livestock production areas or at least the presence of animals inside the urban sites. Livestock management reveals differences between herds and a diversity of productions: milk, wool, traction and of course meat. The zooarchaeological data have also revealed differences between sites and chronologies concerning the choice of species consumed, butchering systems, meat quality and management of animal waste. All these results suggest a territorial organization of animal economy based on production and consumption areas, although these activities are often mixed inside the establishments.
