In actual economic situation an increasing number of firms are facing economic and financial difficulties which can, in certain cases, drive to failure. In principle, difficulties do not happen suddenly, in effect, before a firm is declared bankrupt, it is confronted to financial difficulties of growing seriousness: default in payment of a debt, temporary insolvency, scarceness of liquidity, etc. Identifying the causes of the failure is not obvious, since one can not exhaustively enumerate the factors that cause it. The causes are multiple and overlapping compromise even more the company's survival. The importance of this phenomenon and its impact on the overall economy justifies the need to understand, explain it by analyzing the causes and origins The aim of our study is to classify firms in trouble according to their degree of viability and to understand the causes of the deterioration of their situation. We will do a comparison between three models (linear differential Analysis, the model Logit and decline PLS) what will allow us from the rates of good classification acquired, to choose the best model while specifying origin and reasons of these faults.
