The hegemony of private motorized transport is nowadays one of the difficult problems in the field of urban transport. In the objective of urban sustainable development, sustainable transport and mobility by reducing consequences from motorized transport system (congestion, pollution, road safety, landscape degradation, the externality of non-motorized modes, social inequality, etc.) which is an essential and urgent demand in many cities in the world, including Vietnam. Hanoi is a large city in Vietnam where bikes (2 wheelers) are currently up to 80% of the daily movements of people, and public transport by bus provides only a small part of the movement of people. The people of Hanoi are living in an environment of very serious congestion and air pollution. Policies of the Vietnamese authorities to restrict private motorized modes and to encourage modal shift towards public transport and non-motorized modes (walking, cycling) have no outcome. To answer the question "why the modal shift towards the TC and non-motorized modes are not well set up" and "why the urban transport policies are stranded," as part of my thesis, I conducted surveys of household transport to the residents in Hanoi and deep interviews with experts and Vietnamese authorities hoping to have the answer in two terms: social and political. In terms of society, my investigations contribute to a better understanding of the determinants of mode choice in daily mobility of different social classes in Hanoi, to explain the reasons, barriers to a modal shift to NMT and TC for different types of travel, to know the underlying reasons of modal shift observed in some respondents. In terms of policy, I note that if the conditions of the policy are implemented or not for a modal shifts from bikes towards public transport. In the end, the objective of the thesis is also creating an analysis model of urban mobility, modal choice and modal shift, specifically for the case of Hanoi, which will form a good reference for the definition of sustainable urban transport policies.
