In order to satisfy the need for handheld infrared spectrometers, the ONERA developed a new concept called MICROSPOC. This device is an infrared focal plane array with a built-in two-wave wedge-like interferometer and forms a static Fourier-transform spectrometer. This modified focal plane array, which merges the detection function and the interferometric function, in association with a simplified optical system, allows to consider the realisation of a much compact instrument. The goal of this thesis is to design and to realize a miniaturized infrared spectrometer based on the MICROSPOC concept.Firstly, a theoritical work has been led in order to design a compact optical system. Since we have chosen a collection optical system (the focal plane array sees an extended source placed at a finite distance), the study of MICROSPOC angular acceptance in these lightening conditions is needed in order to predict the contrast and the shape of interference fringes. The huge angular acceptance of MICROSPOC will be established with the results of this study.Secondly, a demonstrator based on MICROSPOC device and on the simplified optical system has been realized. This demonstrator has been caracterized in the laboratory and used in real conditions of a measurement campaign. These different exploitations have shown the robustness of the instrument despite some defaults on acquired interferograms.Then, a processing chain has been developed in order to estimate a spectrum from an interferogram acquired with our demonstrator. Considering the MICROSPOC’s own characteristics, the Fourier-transform is not the best way to estimate a spectrum. We have come to this conclusion by studying the effects of cut-off wavelenghts disparities of the detector on the spectrum estimation. At this point we have considered an approach that consists of using the spectral characterization of the instrument in order to inverse the measure. This approach gives satisfying results.Finaly, the main goal has been widened with the design and the realisation of other instruments that combine a spectrometric function and a imaging function. The first elements for the design of a handheld spectrometer have been given.
