This thesis is a contribution to the study of the climatic impact of particles in the atmosphere, an impact that is suspected of being of the same magnitude as the greenhouse effect but may be of opposite sign. The main tool of this work is the RAMS meteorological model. This work exploits the scarce field data available in this geographic area, data that cannot be dispensed with to validate the model calculations. On the basis of a DPM validated in Africa, I propose a source of desert dust wind emissions, at 1°x1°, covering the desert and semi-arid zones of Mongolia and Northern China. This source is validated by the study of a strong mineral dust storm in April 1998. We then demonstrate its ability to recreate in detail part of a dust storm recorded in Spring 2002 on an experimental site of the ACE-ASIA campaign. Finally, we couple the atmospheric transportation of the desert dust issued by this source with some of the most representative gases and aerosols from human anthropogenic pollution sources in Eastern Asia. The very simplified transportation and chemical processes applied to the BC (Black Carbon) and to the SO2, result in mixes and captures of a quantifiable amount of sulphates by the mineral dust. The calculations of the optical thickness specific to each pollutant in the mix are in good correlation with the photometric data (Lidar, AERONET etc...) and allow me to conclude that this simplified methodology provides an approach to observations that is both correct and easily comprehensive thanks to a limited number of parameters.
