The main subject of this work is the transformations of the economical infrastructure and its relation with the Venezuelan State during the years 1908-2008. A frame of reference to interpret the national economy history is proposed, starting from its own specific characteristics and its links to the world capitalism. The forces involved in the production mode of the Venezuelan economy are not different from those in peripheral economies. The constitution and hierarchy of the world capitalism economy seems to determine: The transformations of the process of production in the Center countries, and its correlative, the international work division imposed on the countries as a whole, limits the process of accumulation in a world scale. However, being the evolution of the capitalist world economy the same for all the countries, the economical, political and social answers to the work international division will be specific from each social formation. Dichotomy Center / Peripheral, implies the peripheral countries articulate differently to the capitalists centers, which explains the different development performances. Petroleum mono exporters countries are extreme cases which radically differ from others at the peripheral. Venezuela is a classical example. Its character of petroleum mono exporter is the main fundamental difference regarding the productive structure, the social classes relations and the differences among Venezuela and other Latin American countries.
