Despite its unique ability to discern details that a “classical” instrument cannot see, optical interferometry is still strongly handicapped by the atmosphere. It drastically limits the exposure time of ground interferometers and prevents them to accumulate enough photons to observe weak sources, limiting de facto sample of observable stars. Fringe trackers are instruments developed specifically to compensate for these atmospheric disturbances, and so push the boundaries of the universe observable with optical interferometers. The primary purpose of this thesis is to study and improve these instruments in the context of the current technologies and of the new generation of interferometers combining four telescopes and more. The second major part of this thesis will show the advantages of optical interferometry in the study of interacting binary, stars able to answer to a wide range of domains because of the diversity of physical processes involved in them.
