Sirt1 (Sirtuin 1) is a NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase, which stimulates gluconeogenesis and inhibits glycolysis in the liver, and which increases fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle. The aim of this thesis was to define the metabolic functions of Sirt1 in skeletal muscle. We first showed, using a mouse model lacking the Sirt1 gene, that Sirt1 regulated expression of hexokinase II and SREBP-1c, a protein that regulates hexokinase expression. In addition, a model of gene electrotransfer allowed us to show that Sirt1 regulated expression of SREBP-1c in a LXR-dependent manner. Finally, inhibition of Sirt1 by EX527 resulted in a decrease of glucose consumption in C2C12 myotubes. Taken together, these data suggest an important role of Sirt1 in the regulation of glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle. Secondly, we determined the potential role of Sirt1 during fasting in C2C12 myotubes. Fasting resulted in an increase in cathepsin B + L activity and a dephosphorylation of AktS473, GSK3S21/S9, p70S6KT412 and S6 S235/S236 preceding a myotubes atrophy. Refeeding led to a rephosphorylation of these proteins and a return to normal size of myotubes. However, cathepsin B + L activity remained elevated. Finally, the level of Sirt1 mRNA was transiently increased during refeeding. Other measures of proteolytic pathways and Sirt1 activity markers will be determined. Our data and those of the literature suggest that Sirt1 could play a role in autophagyregulation during fasting. To conclude, this thesis highlights a role for Sirt1 in the regulation of glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle and provides new perspectives in the study of regulation of this metabolism in pathological conditions
