Elimination des fautes : contribution au test du logiciel

The research summarized in this report focuses on the dependability of computer systems. It adresses fault removal by means of software testing. The contributions are grouped into four chapters. Chapter I presents work seeking to adapt the test design to software development technologies. It considers both object-­‐oriented development and the formal B method. Chapter II investigates ways of coupling testing and formal verification. The aim may be to consolidate the verification of partially proved algorithms, or to aid in the analysis of counterexamples obtained from a model checker. Chapter III concerns search-­‐based test generation, taking the example of simulated annealing search. It focuses on a measurement approach to tune the parameters of the metaheuristics. Finally, Chapter IV tackles testing of mobile computing systems. Test traces are checked with respect to properties described in graphical scenarios. The checking involves both graph matching and event order analysis.