The objective of this thesis is to study the evolution of scalar field carried by a flow from a temporal image sequence. The estimation of the velocity field of turbulent flow is of major importance for understanding the physical phenomenon. Up to now the problem of turbulence is generally ignored in the flow equation of existing methods. An information given by image is discrete at pixel size. Depending on the turbulent rate of the flow, pixel and time resolutions may become too large to neglect the effect of sub-pixel small-scales on the pixel velocity field. For this, we propose a flow equation defined by a filtered concentration transport equation where a classic turbulent sub-grid eddy viscosity model is introduced in order to account for this effect. To formulate the problem, we use a Markovian approach. An unwarping multiresolution by pyramidal decomposition is proposed which reduces the number of operations on images. The optimization coupled with a multigrid approach allows to estimate the optimal 2D real velocity field. Our approach is tested on synthetic andreal image sequences (PIV laboratory experiment and remote sensing data of dust storm event) with high Reynolds number. Comparisons with existing approaches are very promising.
