This paper investigates the use of a widened measure of non-price competitiveness in the exports' equations of Armington (1969). We use a panel data analysis using annual data for 11 European countries and focus on a global competitiveness indicator. Our results show that the non-price competitiveness can't be measured only by a proxy of innovation. Therefore, we also show that non-price competitiveness is also reflected with other factors like financial and human development, firm effectiveness and countries' infrastructure. Our study allows a better understanding of discrepancies among European countries exports' performances. We finally show that the German export performance is mainly due to a better cost-competitiveness, to innovative products, to a lower tax burden and to a better credit access for German firms.
