The "Great Conference" tackles the double indecision of contemporary French psychiatry facing the mental health field major changes: what is psychiatry today? And what do psychiatrists answer? The political anthropology of mental health perspective would identify the social determinants of this disturbing situation in order to illuminate the field of possibilities. The central hypothesis, which implies addressing the spontaneous criticism of these social determinants, invokes the existence of a dynamic conflict of contemporary "moral economies". Three possible strategies are listed.