Excavated during the last 25 years, several archaeological settlements, caves or rock-shelters, located from north to south Alps, present important stratigraphy. They provide palaeoenvironmental data and particularly charcoal results in direct link with human occupations. Other data, as palynological analyses from lacustrine sites, non occupied by human, located in plains or high mountains, allow a precise study of the vegetation stages in relation with human occupation. Most of these sites offer stratigraphy from Late Pleistocene to Holocene. Results of charcoal analysis indicate a charcoal biozonation for the period contemporaneous with the last hunter-gatherers and first farmers. The settlements are located in the Diois, Vercors and Chartreuse, at elevations ranging from 300 to 1800 masl. and provide vegetal landscape information at various periods. Ancient vegetation evolved in relation with climatic variations, but at the beginning of the Neolithic domesticated vegetation arose. The importance of human impact in its installation process, at the outset, is very light but may not be insignificant.
