The aim of this chapter is both: explain the determining factors of the internationalisation of companies in the wine industry and to outline the characteristics of multinational companies that are emerging in this sector. The first part of this chapter introduces the specificities of the production and marketing structures of the wine industry in the world. The second part analyses the determinants of the internationalisation of companies in this sector. Finally, the third part of this chapter throws light on the terms that characterise the international growth of the leaders of the wine industry.