Évolution des traitements informatiques et linguistiques pour la recherche d'information. Retour critique sur la place des techniques et des technologies en SIC

This chapter deals with resarch works evolutions, through last fifty years, in the field of natural language processing towards information retrieval. Three stages are pointed : the former, until 1980, where linguistic and quantitative methods are opposite, the second, until 1995, where all the disciplines are sollicited and lead to hybridation of methods ; this stage of pre-industrialisation ended with campaign of evaluation of such methods ; the latter is characterized by industrialization.