Objective: Our investigation is about the determination of the antibacterial efficiency of 22 medicinal plants on the four most frequent bacteria in urinary infections. These infections are responsible for more than 15% of urinary stones formation. Methods: We have initiated an extraction liquid/solid. In this respect, we have used water extractions according to the standard methods utilized by the local population, i.e: (i) the décoction, (ii) the infusion, (iii) the macération and (iiii) the percolation. The microorganisms used are Staphylooccus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The strains were isolated from patients having urinary infections. The antibiotic disks Kanamicin, Colistin, Amoxicillin, Gentamicin, Ampicillin were applied to the reference bacteria at concentrations of 30 μg, 50μg, 25μg, 10μg et 10μg respectively. Results: These studies showed that decoction (d) had the higher effect with 43.3 % followed by percolation (p) (28.3%) and maceration (m) (16.7%). Infusion (i) had a limited effect (11.7%). Escherichia coli (E. coli), Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus showed an average sensitivity of 28% in each case. However, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a highly pathogenic and resistant bacteria showed up to 17.5% of sensitivity. 16.3% of the plant extracts showed a high antimicrobial activity. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was highly resistant to Kanamycin, Amoxicillin and Ampicillin and at a lower extent to Colistin and Gentamicin. However, it was sensitive to some plant extracts such as Allium sativum, Artemesia compestris(pm), Citrus aurantium(p), Cotula cinerea(p), Lavandula officinalis (d), Globularia alypum (d), Juniperus phoeniceae (m), Olea europaea (p), Pistacia lentiscus (m), Trachyspermum ammi (m), Zygophyllum album (p) and Zingiber officinalis (d). Conclusion: The present work shows that most of the studied plants are potentially a good source of antimicrobial agents and it proves the importance of such plants in urolithiasis medicine and alternative healthcare.
