Almost sure convergence of products of $2\times2$ nonnegative matrices

We study the almost sure convergence of the normalized columns in an infinite product of nonnegative matrices, and the almost sure rank one property of its limit points. Given a probability on the set of $2\times2$ nonnegative matrices, with finite support $\mathcal A={A(0),\dots,A(s-1)}$, and assuming that at least one of the $A(k)$ is not diagonal, the normalized columns of the product matrix $P_n=A(\omega_1)\dots A(\omega_n)$ converge almost surely (for the product probability) with an exponential rate of convergence if and only if the Lyapunov exponents are almost surely distinct. If this condition is satisfied, given a nonnegative column vector $V$ the column vector $\frac{P_nV}{\Vert P_nV\Vert}$ also converges almost surely with an exponential rate of convergence. On the other hand if we assume only that at least one of the $A(k)$ do not have the form $\begin{pmatrix}a&0\0&d\end{pmatrix}$, $ad\ne0$, nor the form $\begin{pmatrix}0&b\d&0\end{pmatrix}$, $bc\ne0$, the limit-points of the normalized product matrix $\frac{P_n}{\Vert P_n\Vert}$ have almost surely rank~$1$ --~although the limits of the normalized columns can be distinct~-- and $\frac{P_nV}{\Vert P_nV\Vert}$ converges almost surely with a rate of convergence that can be exponential or not exponential.

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Field Value
Source https://hal.science/hal-00788836
Author Thomas, Alain
Maintainer CCSD
Last Updated May 11, 2026, 02:32 (UTC)
Created May 11, 2026, 02:32 (UTC)
Identifier hal-00788836
Language en
Rights https://about.hal.science/hal-authorisation-v1/
contributor Laboratoire d'Analyse, Topologie, Probabilités (LATP) ; Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
creator Thomas, Alain
date 2013-05-11T00:00:00
harvest_object_id b8f25084-f678-4a14-b88b-6f5a3a867381
harvest_source_id 3374d638-d20b-4672-ba96-a23232d55657
harvest_source_title test moissonnage SELUNE
metadata_modified 2024-05-03T00:00:00
relation info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/arxiv/1302.4715
set_spec type:UNDEFINED