: Li Zehou (1930 - ) is widely considered to be one of the most important contemporary chinese philosophers on the international scene, as well as one of the most singular, controversial and creative. He really became a philosopher by studying Kant, when he published The Critique of Critical Philosophy, in 1979. In his two later works Historical Ontology, published in 2003, and Pragmatic Reason and a Culture of Optimism, published in 2005, drawing upon the influences of both Chinese and Western philosophers, Li is creating his own philosophy, "the anthropologico-historical ontology". His avowed aim is to build a new Chinese philosophy that returns to chinese culture's deepest roots. What does Li's use of philosophy can reveal about the kind of content that he does explicitely or implicitely admit? And more specifically : what can we infer from the ontological options that he accepts or rejects through his integration of Marx, Kant, and Dewey? And once those operations translated into the vocabulary of contemporary ontology, how can we qualified those ontological orientations actually admitted by Li? In this perspective, which is only one way to consider Li's ontology, Li's admissions and rejections through his use of some of Marx, Kant and Dewey's ideas will be described. Finally, this inquiry will reveal a particularist structural realism in the work of this contemporary chinese philosopher.
