A Simple and Effective Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation Platform for Urban Electric Vehicles

This paper deals with hardware-in-the-loop simulation of urban electric vehicles. The proposed platform, which is expected to be used for electric vehicle prototyping, is very simple and effective. Indeed, the induction motorbased powertrain is coupled to DC machine-based load torque emulator taking into account the electric vehicle mechanics and aerodynamics. Experiments are carried-out using the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) to show that the proposed hardware-in-the-loop simulation system is effective and provides a simple configuration for prototyping electric vehicles.