This working paper, written in French, aims to investigate the state of financial inclusion in France. It analyses the provision of financial services to people in poverty. Banks that handle the bulk of capital, including money invested in social projects, have many ways of participating in the microfinance market: downscale to offer direct services, lend to MFIs, invest in MFIs or find other ways to intervene, but which ones? We find that financial exclusion affects a large number of poor households: 1.17 million or 2.67 million inhabitants (out of 65 million). Credit revolving, in spite of its bad reputation, appears to be the commercial solution to financial exclusion. It shows non-negligible double-bottom line characteristics. Almost 90% of poor households that have revolving credit consider its subscription easy. This is comparable to the perception of all French households. For people excluded from credit revolving, MFIs are the alternative. Mainly work-related projects (find work, keep existing job) will be financed at interest rates similar to revolving credit. The personal approach and support will make the difference.
