The spectroscopic study of carbon nitride nanopowders elaborated by laser pyrolysis is reported. The bonding structure was determined using Infrared analysis and Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure results and the nanotexture followed by electron microscopy The different characterisation methods point out a nitrogen incorporation between 2 and 20%. Furthermore we note an evolution of the carbon nitrogen bonding type and of the electronic structure of the powders with the nitrogen concentration. A good correlation is observed between the evolution of the π* electron states as calculated from NEXAFS and the evolution of the bonding configuration revealed by the Infrared spectra.