Développement d'une méthode énergétique pour l'évaluation expérimentale des flux acoustiques entrants dans les cavités d'avion
Organizing into a hierarchy the power injected by acoustic sources inside an aircraft cavity such as a cockpit, in flight conditions, appears as a crucial stage in orcier to reduce interior noise. To address this need, considering the whole cavity with a global method turns out to be essential. In this work, an identification method based on a local energy method called MES for Simplified Energy Method is used. With the cavity geometry and the absorption characteristics of the materials inside, the method is capable of retrieving the acoustic power radiated by the sources within the cavity from three dimensional intensity vector and energy density measurements. To assess the method in a real test case, measuring these previous energy quantities turns out to be necessary. Thus, an acoustic probe is designed, manufactured, tested and to finish validated. Based on four pressure measurements performed around a hard sphere with remote pre-amplified microphones, the multi-sensor probe is able to compute the pressure and the particle velocity vector at the center of the sphere, and then obtain the 3D intensity, and the total acoustic energy density. A cockpit mock-up based on the A380 cockpit geometry is manufactured to perform tests. Several acoustic and vibro-acoustic tests carried out in the mock-up show the capability of the association composed of the identification method and the probe to extract the acoustic power radiated by the sources, in more or less harsh acoustic conditions, with accuracy close to 2dB. Post-processing the computed injected power allows to reconstruct the acoustic field inside the cavity, and to separate the different sources contributions for sorne points of interest such as the pilot or copilot heads.