Role of oxidative stress in liver and kidney in uranium toxicity after chronic exposure
type: Dataset
description: Uranium is a radioactive heavy metal found in the environment. Due to its natural presence and to civil and militaries activities, general population can be exposed to U throughout drinking water or contaminated food. The pro/anti-oxidative system is a defense system which is often implicated in case of acute exposure to U. The aim of this thesis is to study the role of the pro/anti-oxidative system after chronic exposure to U in the liver and the kidney. After chronic exposure of rats to different U concentrations, this radionuclide accumulated in the organs in proportion to U intake; until 6 µg.g-1 of kidney tissues. U is localized in nucleus of the proximal tubular cells of the kidney. No nephrotoxicity was described even for the higher U level in drinking water and a reinforcement of the pro/anti-oxidative system with an increase in glutathione is observed. The study of U internal contamination in Nrf2 deficient mice, a cytoprotective transcription factor involved in the anti-oxidative defense has been realized. U accumulate more in Nrf2 -/- mice than in WT mice but the biologic effects of U on the pro/anti-oxidative system did not seem to implicate Nrf2. At the cell level, a correlation between U distribution in HepG2 cells and the biological effects on this system is observed after U exposure at low concentrations. Soluble distribution of U is observed in cell nucleus. The apparition of U precipitates is correlated to the establishment of the adaptive mechanisms overtime which are overwhelmed and lead to a cellular toxicity at higher U level. In conclusion, these results suggest that the reinforcement of pro/anti-oxidative system could be an adaptive mechanism after chronic exposure at low U concentration.
identifier: NNT: 2013PA114849
issued: 2026-05-06T07:16:05.709847
language: fr
modified: 2026-05-06T07:16:05.709852
contact point: Organization
  fn: CCSD
keyword: chronic-exposure
keyword: contamination-chronique
keyword: foie
keyword: infoeu-reposemanticsdoctoralthesis
keyword: kidney
keyword: liver
keyword: nrf2
keyword: proanti-oxidaitve-system
keyword: rein
keyword: sdvsalife-sciences-q-bioagricultural-sciences
keyword: systeme-proanti-oxydant
keyword: theses
keyword: uranium
landing page: https://theses.hal.science/tel-00950141

Role of oxidative stress in liver and kidney in uranium toxicity after chronic exposure
type: Distribution
format: HTML
issued: 2026-05-06T07:16:05.736101
modified: 2026-05-06T07:16:05.695692
access URL: https://theses.hal.science/tel-00950141

test_moissonnage_selune
type: Agent