The evolutions of the rhythms of life, the multiplication of the traffic motivations, rurality and the periurbanisation constitute the principal reasons which complicate the task of traditional collective transport. The car is the privileged transport to realise displacements. However, this individual mode of transport generates harmful effects which do not satisfy the principles of the sustainable transport. To accompany the modal carryforward by the car towards alternative transport, there are many solutions (urban planning, adaptation of collective transport, co-modality...). Demand Responsive Transport (DRT) constitutes one of the tracks for the development of a sustainable transport. Tadvance, working multi-field group, undertakes innovating research on this subject. Evolis-Gare, intended for the TGV Besançon users, constitutes the first experience of this group. Within this framework, multi-field research allowed the development of the Résad2 software to manage of Evolis-Gare. This thesis presents a theoretical research which proposes an Evolis-Gare in real time service. In order to ensure the management of such a system we propose a step in three parts. A first stage consists in defining the user s demand. The aim of the second one is to offer a temporary service through the construction of optimised paths. These two first stages are the necessary elements to permit the system to function in real-time. The simulation of the processes is based on the association of geomatic and the artificial intelligence inside a dynamic data-processing system.
Le transport à la demande, une piste pour le développement urbain durable. Approche géographique et mise en oeuvre d'un système opérationnel à Besançon