Sickle cell disease (SCD) and atherosclerosis are two very different and distinct diseases thatshare similar underlying characteristics. Sickle cell disease is a hemoglobinopathycharacterized by a genetic mutation which causes the normal blood cells to become rigid andweak. The resulting pathophysiological effects, including sickling, vaso-occlusion, andadhesion, involve the production of oxidative stress and inflammation. Atherosclerosis is achronic inflammatory disease that is characterized by plaque buildup within the vessel walls.An initial step in the pathogenesis of this disease involves the oxidation of lipids, which notonly produces inflammation, but more oxidative stress as well. We sought to determine howthe control of oxidative stress and inflammation could ameliorate complications stemmingfrom the disease.Exercise training is an important mechanism for the beneficial modulation oxidative stressand inflammation through several adaptive pathways: antioxidants, shear stress, vasodilation,and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The purpose of this thesis was to determine if thesebeneficial effects of exercise training could improve oxidative stress and consequentlyinflammation in sickle cell trait (SCT) and atherosclerosis.
The role of exercise training on oxidative stress and inflammation in vascular diseases