Mesurer l'étalement urbain résidentiel. Exemple de l'habitat individuel détaché dans l'aire urbaine de Rouen depuis la loi S.R.U.
Since the publication of the "Solidarité et Renouvellement Urbain" law on 2000, supplemented by the "Urbanisme et Habitat" law, the discourse on the operational urban planning has tinged with an environmental dimension while advocating a better control of the urban sprawl, and consequently a better control of natural and agricultural areas consumption into urban rings. Indeed, the environmental problematic has become one of the major aims that towns must face up to, especially in terms of spatial management. Therefore, the French locals authorities has been invited by the State government to work out both the "Plans Locaux d'Urbanisme" and the "Schéma de Cohérence Territoriale" within which must be planned out the terms of reasoned urban growth on behalf of sustainable development. These policies are part of a re-use of built spaces, in particular within the downtown areas, by a derelict-land reconversion and so an urban space renewal. Also, they base on more strict management about new parcel of land opening for urbanization, mostly in peri-urban spaces. In our approach, we will focalize on the case of the individual detached house who represents the visual symbol of urban sprawl and who is the biggest spatial habitat consumer. Our geographical area is made of municipalities included in the Rouen's S.C.O.T. and bordering municipalities. At first, this study will starts off from two identification initiatives of individual detached houses, first about news buildings permits from 2000 to 2009 per municipalities (Sitadel datas), and second about private housing estates. Then, the aim is to build a typology about these peri-urban forms from several spatial, environmental and urban parameters.