Study of fatigue behavior of plant fiber reinforced composites : taking into account the variability of properties
The present study focuses on the characterization and comparison of the quasi-static and fatigue properties of flax and glass fibre reinforced composites with an epoxy matrix. An extensive experimental campaign of fatigue tests have been performed using the measured quasi-static tension and in plane-shear properties. It appears that the static and fatigue characteristics of the glass/epoxy composites are higher than that of flax/epoxy ones with similar fibre volume fraction and lay-ups. However, due to the low density of flax reinforcements, the differences between the specific properties of the two materials are low. The measurement of the evolution of the fatigue properties has highlighted particular phenomenological behaviours such as the decrease of the damping and the increase of the stiffness of flax/epoxy composites having fibres parallel to the loading direction, during specimens’ life. The monitoring of material damage by measuring the crack density showed its increase with the loading level and the number of cycles applied. Finite elements simulations of the life cycle of flax/epoxy composites, incorporating the variability of the model’s parameters by Monte Carlo method, gave conservative Wöhler curves compared with experimental data. In agreement with the experimental measurements, the variability of lifetimes calculated decreases when the load decreases