Contribution to the study of the woven fabrics "2D and 3D" saturation
The woven fabrics 2D and 3D are made by interlacing warp and weft, called pattern [1]. The properties of these woven fabrics will depend on the number of yarns into the woven fabrics, quantity whose limit must be determined accurately. Out, to date, this limit isn't very well known [2]. So, the main purpose of calculating the limit of weavability is whether a 2D or 3D woven fabric is feasible or not on a loom. The degree of difficulty can avoid damaging production equipment and also to assess a priori the efficiency problems of producing near the limits of weavability as technical fabrics. It is further possible to infer some specifications of the article made. These calculations can quantify the tightess and allow them to deduct the mechanical and physical properties. The reasons for this research are first to avoid additional costs of production in trying to weave 2D or 3D fabrics, impossible to weave and second to reduce breakage and wear parts of weaving machine due to an overload on the loom during the weaving operation. After the establishment of an experimental weaving and studies of mechanical and physical properties of a representative number of 2D and 3D woven fabrics, the modeling of woven structures allowed to propose new saturation and limit of weavability equations particularly for 3D [3]. Moreover, from these equations, it is possible to provide for a given texture and pattern in 2D or 3D, the maximum yarn inserted into the woven fabrics and the difficulty will be encountered during weaving. The new proposed theoretical relationships, numerical saturation index and weight saturation index were confirmed by experimental results and it was concluded that the equations and abacus are useful tools for the traditional and technique weaving industry.