Responses of tree species to global change : biogeographic and ecophysiological approaches
type: Dataset
description: Tree distribution could be highly affected by climate change. Results of paleogeographic studies showed that tree distribution ranges have already shifted with past climate changes. These data are currently used to model the evolution of species distribution in response to global warming. However, the ecological context in which species have to cope with climate change is very different than the past one: the current increase of temperature occurs faster than the past global warming, the areas being likely colonized are covered by various ecosystems (forests, agricultural surfaces, urban areas). So will tree species be able to cope with the current global change? Will they be able to migrate to find more favourable conditions or to survive to drier environmental conditions? Firstly, the analysis of historical data (French National Forest Office and Spanish National Forest Inventories) allowed determining colonization and extirpation events, and quantifying migration rates of tree species populations situated at the edges or the core of their distribution range. We evidenced that Q. ilex has substantially colonized new areas at its northern margin during the last 130 years, confirming the model trends. However, the colonization rates of Q. ilex are much lower than the shift of its bioclimate predicted by bioclimatic models. Species located at their rear edge showed higher upward shifts than other species located at the core of their range. To conclude, our results showed that global change have already impacted tree distribution although a time-lag between forest species migration responses and their bioclimate shift. Water stress is the main factor explaining tree dieback when water is limited and so particularly at the warm limit of tree species distribution range. Therefore, we studied drought resistance and its mechanisms in angiosperm tree species. Our results showed that embolism threshold of 90% leads to irreversible damages and tree death by dehydration. This…
identifier: NNT: 2013BOR14762
issued: 2026-05-11T04:04:17.160518
language: fr
modified: 2026-05-11T04:04:17.160523
contact point: Organization
  fn: CCSD
keyword: aire-de-repartition
keyword: arbre
keyword: biogeographie
keyword: biogeography
keyword: cavitation
keyword: changements-globaux
keyword: colonisation
keyword: colonization
keyword: distribution-range
keyword: drought
keyword: ecophysiologie
keyword: ecophysiology
keyword: extinction
keyword: global-change
keyword: infoeu-reposemanticsdoctoralthesis
keyword: sdvbvlife-sciences-q-biovegetal-biology
keyword: secheresse
keyword: theses
keyword: tree
landing page: https://theses.hal.science/tel-00821979

Responses of tree species to global change : biogeographic and ecophysiological approaches
type: Distribution
format: HTML
issued: 2026-05-11T04:04:17.163307
modified: 2026-05-11T04:04:17.138155
access URL: https://theses.hal.science/tel-00821979

test_moissonnage_selune
type: Agent