In the next few years, transportation means and private households will be targeted by more severe economics-, environment- and health-related constraints because they are responsible for higher and higher rates of energy consumption and pollution emission. As far as transport is concerned, the constant increase of traffic and the heavier weight and power of thermal vehicles overpassed the benefits gained through the drop of unit fuel consumption of internal combustion engines, thus worsening further more the energy and carbon footprint of vehicles. As far as households are concerned, energy uses and related emissions have steeply increased with the growth of specific energy needs linked to more comfort and technology, the drop of cooking and heating energy uses being unable to compensate this energy-greedy trend. This thesis aims at paving the way for sustainable alternatives to an energy model that falls into disgrace. Hereafter are thus studied the different ways of using lithium-ion batteries as an energy storage function at the converging needs of solar households and electric transport. If "solar household" stands for an individual house equipped with photovoltaic (PV) panels, the "electric transport" expression stands in the mean time for the electric mobility with electric vehicles and for the transport of electricity in the grid. After presenting the general context and study fields of the thesis, an overview of the subject will permit to bring out main lines of research that can be directly exploited and valued. Basically, the main hypothesis of any electric vehicles existence in a near future is validated. The systematic inventory of converging interactions between the poles of solar household and those of electric transport enabled us to isolate concrete converging usages of energy storage that we stand out as landmarks in the field of energetics. The heart of the thesis thus focuses on the improvement of PV self-consumption to favor autonomy and make domestic loads and electric vehicle less grid-dependent. Along this process, applications to Corsica are tackled.
Using Li-ion batteries as an energy storage function at the converging needs of solar household and electric transport